Competitive Trampolinists: Psychological challenges and the use of hypnosis

Competitive trampolinists face a range of psychological challenges that can significantly impact their performance. These challenges often manifest as fear, anxiety, and mental blocks, hindering their ability to execute skills effectively, especially in competition.

Fear and Mental Blocks

Fear is a primary mental obstacle for gymnasts and, by extension, trampolinists. This fear isn't always based on logic and can be paralyzing, leading to a lack of trust in one's skills. A coach's perspective highlights this, noting an athlete's inability to "let herself go" when attempting a difficult skill, even though she can perform it in practice. This fear can manifest as hesitation, reluctance to take risks, and, in extreme cases, an unwillingness to compete at all.

Anxiety and Nerves

Competition itself is a significant source of stress. The pressure to perform, the judgment of others, and the high stakes can trigger anxiety. Even elite athletes experience nerves, and these nerves can have a debilitating effect on performance. The hypothalamus, a part of the brain, plays a role in this, sensing new environments and triggering a "fight or flight" response if the situation is perceived as threatening. This can lead to increased heart rate, widened eyes, and the release of hormones like testosterone.

Overcoming Psychological Challenges

Several strategies can help trampolinists manage these challenges:

• Confronting Fear: Instead of avoiding fear, athletes are encouraged to acknowledge it and trust their training. Asking "What real evidence is there to support that I cannot perform this skill now?" can help challenge irrational fears.

• Competition Simulations: Practicing under pressure, simulating competition conditions (judges, audience, limited warm-ups), and rehearsing routines can help athletes build coping strategies and become desensitized to the emotions associated with competition.

• "Distancing": This technique involves athletes putting themselves in someone else's shoes or talking to themselves in the third person to reduce the emotional impact of a negative experience. This can help reduce activity in the emotional parts of the brain, allowing for more rational thought.

• Mental Toughness and Resilience: Developing mental resilience and strength is crucial. This can involve goal setting, building confidence, and managing mental energy.

• Psychological Support: Seeking mental coaching or sports psychology can help athletes uncover beliefs and attitudes that hinder performance.

Impact on Performance

These psychological challenges can significantly impact performance. Fear and anxiety can lead to hesitation, errors, and a failure to execute skills at the level achieved in practice. Conversely, managing these challenges can lead to improved confidence, better performance, and greater enjoyment of the sport. Bryony Page, a successful trampolinist, highlights the importance of overcoming mental challenges, even in the face of significant pressure, to achieve peak performance.

Conclusion

Hypnotherapy offers several benefits for trampolinists:

• Enhanced Focus and Concentration: Trampolining requires intense concentration to execute complex routines. Hypnosis can help athletes enter a state of heightened focus, eliminating distractions and improving their ability to stay present in the moment.

• Reduced Anxiety and Stress: Competitive trampolining can be stressful, leading to performance anxiety. Hypnotherapy can teach athletes techniques to manage stress, reduce anxiety, and perform at their best under pressure.

• Improved Confidence and Self-Belief: Hypnosis can help athletes develop a strong sense of self-belief, enabling them to tackle challenges with resilience and determination. This is crucial for executing difficult maneuvers and recovering from setbacks.

• Mental Rehearsal and Visualization: Hypnotherapy facilitates mental rehearsal, allowing trampolinists to visualize their routines and desired outcomes. This process primes the neural pathways and muscles, improving skill execution and performance.

• Pain Management and Injury Recovery: Hypnosis can be used to manage pain and accelerate recovery from injuries. This is particularly important for trampolinists, who are prone to injuries due to the high-impact nature of the sport.

1. Managing Fear in Gymnastics. gymnasticsmentalcoach.com

2. Preparing for the Nerves: Competition Simulations. trampolineleague.com

3. Roots of Competition Anxiety. gregroetrampoline.com

4. Mental Blocks In Sport - Gymnastics & Trampoline. freestyletrampolineassociation.com

5. Resources. usagym.org

6. Bryony Page interview: Overcoming mental and physical challenges to win Tokyo Olympic bronze and world championship gold. yorkshirepost.co.uk

Research Articles Related To Trampolining

Day, M. C., Thatcher, J., Greenlees, I., & Woods, B. (2006). The Causes of and Psychological Responses to Lost Move Syndrome in National Level Trampolinists. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 18(2), 151–166. https://doi.org/10.1080/10413200600653782

Abstract

Lost Move Syndrome (LMS) can be described as a psychological condition in which athletes find themselves unable to perform a skill that was previously automatic. This study examined the psychological causes of and responses to LMS using semi-structured interviews with 15 elite trampolinists. Responses were analyzed using inductive content analysis, which led to a total of 54 raw data themes forming 6 general dimensions. Results showed that despite positive experiences before the recognizable start of the syndrome, LMS could be traced back to initial skill acquisition and a gradual increase in pressure from various sources. This then led to negative emotional reactions, including self-presentation concerns and perceptions of poor coping strategies. A change in cognitions surrounding the initial motor program of the move also left the sufferer with altered perceptions and visual memory of the skill. Participants expressed that coping strategies were unsuccessful due to the current lack of knowledge surrounding the syndrome. Applied suggestions are offered for sport psychology consultants working with athletes suffering from LMS.

Marsollier, É., & Hauw, D. (2023). Toward a definition and classification of lost move state: Perceptions of elite trampolining coaches. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 19(1), 53-63. https://doi.org/10.1177/17479541231196472 (Original work published 2024)

Abstract

Several severe performance blocks have been described in the sport psychology literature, in particular the lost move and the yips. Beyond the identification of the traumatic situations associated with these problems, there is a lack of understanding of the process that ultimately culminates in performance blocks. In the present study, a situated and dynamic analysis of a specific type of block in acrobatics was conducted to: (i) identify the propensities of trampolinists to develop lost move, (ii) categorize the types of moves involved, (iii) determine the circumstances of the occurrence of lost moves as typical situations, and (iv) describe the evolution of the loss and its duration. The nine national and international-level French-speaking coaches we interviewed were asked to describe the lost moves they had experienced as coaches. Prior to their interview, each coach had to answer a questionnaire in which they were asked to identify the number of lost moves they experienced. Based on our results, lost moves appeared as evolutive adaptive processes with four steps: disruption, manifestation, contamination, and final adaptation. The phenomenon appeared as observable behavioral manifestations emerging from the interaction between athletes’ dispositions and the situations in which they find themselves throughout their sporting careers. Thus, lost moves might be considered as transitional states in skill development to which an athlete’s performance can branch off. Three main levels of concrete interventions were described, including careful consideration of the athletes’ dispositions and life-course circumstances, avoiding contamination, time off, and engaging in other activities.

Hase, A., Korte, I. E., Dokter, M., Schiphof-Godart, L., & Freeman, P. (2025). Predicting pressurized competitive trampoline gymnastics performance with challenge and threat evaluations. Sport, Exercise, and Performance Psychology, 14(2), 369–381. https://doi.org/10.1037/spy0000383

Excellence in trampoline gymnastics involves executing highly complex figures in a stressful competitive setting that punishes even small errors. Such competitive settings provide an ideal environment to study the theoretical predictions of the Biopsychosocial Model of Challenge and Threat. The model predicts that cognitive evaluations consistent with a challenge (vs. a threat) state relate to better performance. We aimed to examine whether a cognitive challenge and threat (CAT) measure taken before the start of the season predicts elite-level trampoline gymnastics performance at one highly pressurized competition 37.7 days on average later in the season. Using a prospective design with 50 preadolescent-to-adult elite-level trampoline gymnasts, we predicted first- and second-routine performance at the highly pressurized competition with preseason cognitive CAT (i.e., personal coping resources minus situational demands) evaluations regarding this competition. The main analyses partially supported the hypothesis that a challenge evaluation relates to better performance than a threat evaluation. Cognitive evaluations reflective of a challenge (vs. a threat) state predicted better first-routine performance (adjusting for age, sex, and average season performance). In the second routine, a subset of athletes reported relatively more challenge evaluations, but performed significantly worse by failing to complete their routine. These findings provide novel insights into the predictions and boundary conditions of the biopsychosocial model of CAT and emphasize the importance of routine type (mandatory, but relatively simple, first vs. free-choice second routine) in predicting trampoline gymnastics performance.

The Psychology of Sports Injuries: The Use of Hypnosis

The Psychological Impact of Injury on the Athlete

My story: A serious injury for an athlete can yield profound consequences in their emotional well-being. Most athletes experience a variety of aches and pains. This ‘no pain, no gain’ attitude is often expected and associated with competitive sports. At one point in my life, I subscribed to this belief; however, I have since come to understand that exceptional levels of achievement can be attained through a scientifically grounded approach to training.

Growing up, I cherished playing rugby; I also recognized that my body was not equipped to endure the physical demands of the game. Competing for my university on Wednesdays and my club on Saturdays brought immense joy, yet my body struggled to keep pace. A high tackle resulted in a rupture of the sternocleidomastoid muscle, confining me to a neck brace for over a year. This injury marked the end of my rugby career and led to the loss of a substantial part of my identity. My life had revolved around the sport, dictating how and where I spent my time. For a considerable period, I experienced an emotional void. I decided it was time to reevaluate my mind-body connection and immersed myself in yoga.

I recognized the necessity of seeking yet another physical challenge to fill the gap created by leaving rugby. The pursuit of ultra-endurance events filled that void, culminating in my participation in the Ironman World Championships in Hawaii. In an extreme biathlon (vertical feet climbed 23,340 from Death Valley to the peak of Mt Whitney), I experienced a 4-hour loss of time. Fascinated by the trance state, I turned my studies to clinical hypnosis. Through these new sporting endeavors, I cultivated a fresh social circle comprised of like-minded individuals and forged a new identity for myself. Every athlete can likely relate to this sentiment— one invests their heart and soul into a pursuit, which inevitably becomes an integral part of their being.

My next challenge was endurance swimming, with the ambitious goal of traversing the English Channel. Unfortunately, my neck continued to be a source of persistent pain, both literal and figurative. To be candid, I doubt I would have been able to withstand the frigid waters required for the 21-mile distance (which, due to tides and currents, can extend to 30-40 miles). My inaugural race was meant to be a 6-mile swim in San Diego, which ultimately did not materialize. 

During a training session, I experienced a twinge of pain in my groin, which was subsequently diagnosed as an inguinal hernia. This led to surgery, which unfortunately resulted in nerve damage and chronic pain. Two additional surgeries were necessitated to remove mesh and screws embedded deep within my pubic bone. Regrettably, the extent of the damage proved too severe for me to compete again. 

So, I launched a significant adaptation in my lifestyle towards a new form of physical activity that was far more emotionally and physically challenging than any I had previously encountered.

The following information is research-based. This overview describes the physiological effects of injuries to athletes as well as the exceptional levels of achievement that can be attained, when allied with coping strategies that are enhanced by clinical hypnosis.

The Prevalence and Nature of Psychological Distress

The life of a professional athlete, while often perceived as glamorous, is fraught with physical and psychological challenges. Among these, sports injuries stand out as significant stressors, capable of profoundly impacting an athlete's mental well-being, career trajectory, and overall quality of life. This article explores the multifaceted psychological effects of injury on professional athletes, drawing on existing research to illuminate the complexities of this experience.

Professional athletes are not immune to mental health challenges; in fact, they may be at an increased risk due to the unique pressures of their profession. The incidence of mental health disorders, including depression, anxiety, and eating disorders, is comparable to, or even higher than, that of the general population. The demanding nature of professional sports, characterized by intense competition, performance pressure, and the ever-present risk of injury, creates an environment conducive to psychological distress.

Common Psychological Responses to Injury

Injuries, in particular, can trigger a cascade of negative psychological responses. The initial shock and frustration associated with the injury can quickly evolve into feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and anxiety. Athletes may experience a sense of loss, not only of their physical capabilities but also of their identity as athletes. The disruption to their routines, social connections, and financial stability can further exacerbate these feelings.

Several psychological responses are commonly observed in injured athletes. Depression is a frequent consequence, often linked to the prolonged absence from sport, the loss of athletic identity, and the uncertainty surrounding recovery. Anxiety and fear of reinjury are also prevalent, impacting the athlete's confidence and willingness to return to competition. The fear of re-injury can be a significant barrier to successful rehabilitation and return to sport.

Factors Influencing Psychological Impact

Lack of motivation can hinder the rehabilitation process, making it difficult for athletes to adhere to treatment plans. The lengthy and often arduous recovery period can be demotivating, particularly when progress is slow or setbacks occur. An Identity crisis is another common response, as athletes may struggle to reconcile their self-image with their injured state. The loss of their athletic role can lead to feelings of self-doubt and a diminished sense of purpose.

The severity of the injury, the athlete's personality, and the availability of social support all influence the psychological impact of injury. More severe injuries, those requiring surgery or prolonged rehabilitation, are associated with greater psychological distress. Athletes with pre-existing mental health conditions may be more vulnerable to the negative effects of injury.

The Impact on Rehabilitation and Return to Sport

Personality traits, such as perfectionism and high athletic identity, can also play a role. Perfectionistic athletes may experience increased anxiety and frustration during recovery, while those with a strong athletic identity may struggle more with the loss of their athletic role. The presence of a supportive social network, including coaches, teammates, family, and medical staff, can buffer the negative psychological effects of injury.

Psychological factors significantly influence the rehabilitation process and the athlete's ability to return to sport. Poor mental health can impede rehabilitation adherence, leading to slower recovery and an increased risk of re-injury. Athletes experiencing depression or anxiety may struggle to stay motivated and committed to their treatment plans.

Strategies for Mitigating Psychological Distress

Fear of reinjury can also hinder the return-to-sport process, leading to avoidance behaviors and a lack of confidence. Athletes may be hesitant to push themselves physically, fearing a recurrence of the injury. The ability to manage these psychological challenges is crucial for a successful return to competition.

Several strategies can help mitigate the negative psychological effects of injury. Seeking professional support from sports psychologists or other mental health professionals is essential. These professionals can provide athletes with coping strategies, such as goal setting, visualization, and cognitive restructuring, to manage their emotions and build resilience.

Open communication with coaches, medical staff, and family members is also crucial. Sharing feelings and concerns can reduce emotional burdens and foster a sense of support. Focusing on the present moment and controlling the controllable aspects of recovery, such as adhering to the rehabilitation plan, can help athletes feel more empowered.

A multidisciplinary approach, involving mental health professionals alongside physical therapists, athletic trainers, and physicians, is essential for providing comprehensive care to injured athletes. This team can work together to address both the physical and psychological aspects of recovery.

The Role of the Multidisciplinary Team

Maintaining an active role within the team can also be beneficial, even if the athlete cannot participate in their sport. Attending practices, supporting teammates, and contributing in other ways can help maintain a sense of belonging and purpose.

Conclusion

Sports psychologists can provide mental training strategies to help athletes manage their emotions, build confidence, and prepare for their return to competition. Physical therapists and athletic trainers can provide physical rehabilitation and support, while physicians can monitor the athlete's physical progress and provide medical guidance.

Sports injuries pose significant psychological challenges for professional athletes. The emotional toll of injury can be substantial, impacting an athlete's mental well-being, rehabilitation progress, and career trajectory. By recognizing the prevalence and nature of psychological distress, implementing effective coping strategies, and fostering a multidisciplinary approach to care, the sports community can better support athletes through the difficult journey of injury recovery and help them emerge stronger, both mentally and physically.

Rice, S. M., Purcell, R., De Silva, S., Mawren, D., McGorry, P. D., & Parker, A. G. (2016). The Mental Health of Elite Athletes: A Narrative Systematic Review. Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.), 46(9), 1333–1353. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0492-2

Reardon, C. L., Hainline, B., Aron, C. M., Baron, D., Baum, A. L., Bindra, A., Budgett, R., Campriani, N., Castaldelli-Maia, J. M., Currie, A., Derevensky, J. L., Glick, I. D., Gorczynski, P., Gouttebarge, V., Grandner, M. A., Han, D. H., McDuff, D., Mountjoy, M., Polat, A., Purcell, R., … Engebretsen, L. (2019). Mental health in elite athletes: International Olympic Committee consensus statement (2019). British journal of sports medicine, 53(11), 667–699. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2019-100715

Putukian M. (2016). The psychological response to injury in student athletes: a narrative review with a focus on mental health. British journal of sports medicine, 50(3), 145–148. https://doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2015-095586

Li H, Moreland JJ, Peek-Asa C, Yang J. Preseason Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms and Prospective Injury Risk in Collegiate Athletes. The American Journal of Sports Medicine. 2017;45(9):2148-2155. doi:10.1177/0363546517702847

Ardern, C. L., Taylor, N. F., Feller, J. A., & Webster, K. E. (2012). Fear of re-injury in people who have returned to sport following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery. Journal of science and medicine in sport, 15(6), 488–495. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2012.03.015

Wadey, R., Evans, L., Hanton, S., & Neil, R. (2012). An examination of hardiness throughout the sport-injury process: a qualitative follow-up study. British journal of health psychology, 17(4), 872–893. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8287.2012.02084.x

Gulliver, A., Griffiths, K. M., Mackinnon, A., Batterham, P. J., & Stanimirovic, R. (2015). The mental health of Australian elite athletes. Journal of science and medicine in sport, 18(3), 255–261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2014.04.006

Wiese-bjornstal, D. M., Smith, A. M., Shaffer, S. M., & Morrey, M. A. (1998). An integrated model of response to sport injury: Psychological and sociological dynamics. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 10(1), 46–69. 6https://doi.org/10.1080/1041320980840377

Effects of Hypnosis for Basketball Performance

The use of hypnosis in sports has gained significant attention in recent years due to its potential benefits in enhancing athletic performance. Basketball, being a high-pressure sport that requires precision, focus, and mental toughness, is an area where hypnosis could be particularly effective. This article examines the effects of hypnosis on basketball performance, focusing on its impact on flow states, three-point shooting, and overall player psychology.

The Concept of Hypnosis and Its Application in Sports

Hypnosis is a state of focused attention and heightened suggestibility that can be induced by a trained hypnotherapist or through self-hypnosis techniques. It has been used in various fields, including medicine, psychology, and sports, to improve performance and manage psychological stress. In sports, hypnosis is utilized to enhance athletes' mental preparation, confidence, and resilience under pressure.

Hypnosis and Basketball Performance

Research has shown that hypnosis can positively impact athletic performance by improving focus, reducing anxiety, and enhancing confidence. A study on collegiate basketball players found that hypnosis intervention significantly improved their three-point shooting performance and increased their flow states . Flow state, a concept introduced by Csikszentmihalyi, refers to the optimal mental state of complete absorption and engagement in an activity.

The application of hypnosis in basketball involves techniques such as relaxation, imagery, hypnotic induction, and trigger control to help players achieve a state of heightened focus and confidence. By reducing anxiety and improving concentration, hypnosis can help basketball players perform at their best under pressure.

Effects of Hypnosis on Flow States

Flow states are crucial for peak performance in basketball, as they enable players to perform complex maneuvers with ease and precision. Studies have indicated that hypnosis can increase the frequency and duration of flow states in athletes by enhancing their mental preparation and reducing distractions. A study published in the Journal of Sports Sciences found that athletes who received hypnosis training reported higher levels of flow states during competition compared to those who did not receive hypnosis training.

Hypnosis and Three-Point Shooting Performance

Three-point shooting is a critical aspect of modern basketball, requiring both technical skill and mental focus. Research has demonstrated that hypnosis can improve three-point shooting performance by enhancing players' confidence and concentration. The results from a study on collegiate basketball players showed a significant improvement in three-point shooting accuracy following a hypnosis intervention.

Psychological Benefits of Hypnosis for Basketball Players

Beyond improving specific skills like three-point shooting, hypnosis offers broader psychological benefits for basketball players. It can help manage stress and anxiety related to competition, enhance self-confidence, and promote a positive mindset. By addressing these psychological factors, hypnosis can contribute to overall improved performance on the court.

Conclusion

The available evidence suggests that hypnosis can be a valuable tool for improving basketball performance. By enhancing flow states, improving three-point shooting accuracy, and promoting psychological well-being, hypnosis offers a multifaceted approach to optimizing athlete performance. As the sports industry continues to evolve, the integration of hypnosis into training regimens could become increasingly prevalent.

Research on Hypnosis for Professional Basketball Players

There has been a significant amount of research conducted on the effect of hypnosis on professional basketball players. Studies have shown that hypnosis can improve performance, increase self-confidence, and enhance focus and concentration.

Improving Performance

Research has demonstrated that hypnosis can improve basketball performance, particularly in areas such as three-point shooting. A study published in the Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology found that hypnosis improved three-point shooting performance in collegiate basketball players. Another study published in the International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching found that a brief hypnotic intervention increased throwing accuracy in a tennis ball test, suggesting that hypnosis can have a positive impact on motor learning.

Enhancing Self-Confidence and Focus

Hypnosis has also been shown to enhance self-confidence and focus in basketball players. A study published in the Sport Psychologist found that hypnosis increased feelings and cognitions associated with flow in basketball players. Another study published in the Journal of Applied Sport Psychology found that hypnosis enhanced self-efficacy and soccer wall-volley performance in collegiate soccer players, suggesting that hypnosis can have a positive impact on confidence and performance in various sports.

Reducing Anxiety and Stress

In addition to improving performance and enhancing self-confidence, hypnosis has also been shown to reduce anxiety and stress in athletes. A study published in the American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis found that hypnosis reduced anxiety and improved performance in golfers.

Conclusion

There is a substantial body of research that supports the use of hypnosis to improve performance, enhance self-confidence, and reduce anxiety and stress in professional basketball players. The studies cited above demonstrate the potential benefits of hypnosis for athletes, and suggest that it can be a valuable tool for improving performance and achieving success in competitive sports.

1. Pates, J., Cummings, A., & Maynard, I. (2002). The effects of hypnosis on flow states and three-point shooting performance in basketball players. The Sport Psychologist, 16(1), 34-47.

2. Jalene, S., & Wulf, G. (2014). Brief Hypnotic Intervention Increases Throwing Accuracy. International Journal of Sports Science & Coaching, 9(1), 199-206.

3. Pates, J., Cummings, A., & Maynard, I. (2002). The effects of hypnosis on flow states and three-point shooting performance in basketball players. The Sport Psychologist, 16(1), 34-47.

4. Barker, J., Jones, M., & Greenlees, I. (2010). Assessing the Immediate and Maintained Effects of Hypnosis on Self-Efficacy and Soccer Wall-Volley Performance. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 32(2), 243-252.

5. Pates, J. (2013). The Effects of Hypnosis On An Elite Senior European Tour Golfer: A Single-Subject Design. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 61(2), 193-204.

How Hypnosis Can Help a Gymnast Improve Confidence

What causes a gymnast to lose confidence and how hypnosis can remedy this:

1. Performance Anxiety

Every athlete goes through these emotions at some stage during their career. It typically gets easier as the gymnast matures and, like any other skill, learns how to integrate strategies to alleviate it If you under-perform in meets compared to how you perform in practice, then you most likely have performance anxiety. Fear of failure can cause many performance barriers for gymnasts. Gymnastics tends to be a perfectionist sport, so many gymnasts struggle with fear of failure. Instead of thinking about the actual performance, they become more focused on the outcome, and what score their performance will receive. To overcome performance anxiety, you want to first understand the underlying fear. Whether it’s a need for approval, perfectionism, or fear of embarrassment, you need to address that specific issue.

How Hypnosis Can Help

During hypnosis, the subconscious mind is open to accessing information. Defining the issue leads to developing the strategy to address it. The relaxation response created by hypnosis can be profound and replace anxiety with excitement and confidence. Not only can the gymnast feel this during the hypnotherapy session, but they can quickly learn how to induce this state rapidly prior to a performance.

2. Self-made limitations or blockages

A mental block on one skill can quickly spiral into a loss of confidence. It can create a fear that can spread to more than just the skill in question, but to an entire group of skills, such as any backwards skill, for example. Mental blocks are a type of fear that usually comes from one of two different causes – your brain keeping you safe from danger through a primitive response known as fight-or-flight, or your mind being afraid of the unknown or what might happen. Unfortunately, sometimes your brain cannot recognize when a threat poses a real danger versus when the threat can be used as a learning experience. For example, when you are trying to perform a skill in gymnastics that your body perceives as a threat, your fight-or-flight response might kick in. This is a prevalent emotion after coming back to practice from an injury. If the mental block is the result of the fight-or-flight response kicking into overdrive, how can we stop this response from happening? To get past a mental block and perform the skill in question, we make it clear to our brain that the threat is no longer there.

How Hypnosis Can Help

Using hypnosis/imagery techniques can “trick” your brain into believing your body can do something. When you feel stuck and are unable to perform a skill you once could perform, one of the best ways to get past this is to spend time re-imagining yourself performing the skill you’re struggling with. See yourself going through each of the motions of your skill in slow motion. Make it as realistic as possible. What sounds do you hear? What does the gym smell like? How do your muscles feel? The more details you can add to your imagery, the more likely you are to convince your brain that you can do the skill again. During hypnosis you can do your routine successfully as many times as you like. Not only are your neural pathways stimulated as though you are currently performing, but your limitations, blockages, and self-doubt dissolve. Hypnosis can have a profoundly positive effect on the gymnast’s general wellbeing. Hypnosis creates a conducive environment for suggestibility. The hypnotist creates a dialogue of suggestions, rich in positively embellished detail and emotion, for using during the suggestible state. For example, those suggestions may include memories of achieving short- and long-term goals or reflecting on prior challenges—and how the gymnast vanquished those difficult and seemingly unobtainable goals. My work is to constantly find small opportunities to build confidence. I build in the memories of the positive interaction with teammates and coaches, with an emphasis on self-focus, and not on comparison with others.

maintaining a positive attitude

Simone Biles, an Olympic gold medalist and one of the greatest gymnasts of all time, explicitly states the importance of mental training. She says, "The power of the mind is incredible. Through visualization, I can overcome any challenge and achieve greatness." She further elaborates, "Visualization is a crucial part of my training. I visualize my routines and see myself executing them flawlessly. Through visualization, I can overcome any challenge and achieve greatness". Beyond visualization, Biles discusses other mental aspects of her career. She tries "not to think about anything before I compete," aiming to "clear my mind and go." She has "learned to stay calm under pressure" and tries "to think of pressure more as a privilege. It's something that comes along with success." Biles also speaks openly about prioritizing her mental health, stating, "We also have to focus on ourselves, because at the end of the day, we’re human, too. So, we have to protect our mind and our body, rather than just go out there and do what the world wants us to do." She has sought professional help, noting, "For a while, I saw a psychologist once every two weeks. That helped me get in tune with myself so that I felt more comfortable and less anxious." She also addressed the stigma around therapy, initially thinking, "I’m not crazy. I don’t need to be here," but later realizing anyone can benefit and that it's a "safe space." Biles has also spoken about the mind-body connection, particularly experiencing the "twisties," where her "brain and her body movements were not in sync," describing it as "petrifying trying to do a skill but not having your mind & body in sync." She connects her emotional responses to past trauma, stating she was more emotional at trials "because of everything I've been through."

Other Olympic gymnasts also highlight the mental dimension of the sport. Olga Korbut, another Olympic champion, is quoted saying, "Visualize success, for the mind has the power to turn dreams into reality." She also advises, "Don’t be afraid if things seem difficult in the beginning. That’s only the initial impression. The important thing is not to retreat; you have to master yourself." Nadia Comaneci, an Olympic legend, also emphasizes visualization: "Visualize your goals with unwavering clarity, and your mind will pave the way to achieving them." She also speaks about facing fear mentally, stating, "I don’t run away from a challenge because I am afraid. Instead, I run toward it because the only way to escape fear is to trample it beneath your feet."

Shawn Johnson, an Olympic gold medalist, mentions the role of nerves in competition: "I don’t think I’ve ever not gotten nervous. When you work so hard for one special day or routine, you want to perform it better than you ever have. We always say at our gym, If you lose the nerves, you lose the sport."Peter Vidmar, an Olympic medalist, advises, "Trust in your training, and make it happen."Jonathan Horton, an Olympic medalist, discusses consistency in training and managing pressure: "One of the things about my sport that’s important is consistency – being able to do your routines consistently and training consistently. If you change it up or try to make everything more intense because the Olympics is coming up, you tend to put too much pressure on your mind and your body." Ludmilla Tourischeva, an Olympic champion, stresses the need for "total concentration while competing. At such moments, one has to put everything else behind." Shannon Miller, an Olympic gold medalist, talks about competing with herself mentally: "When I go into compete, whether it’s gymnastics or anything else, I do my own thing. I compete with myself." She also highlights perseverance after setbacks: "Everyone gets scared, and everyone falls. The key is to get right back up and try again." Aly Raisman, an Olympic gold medalist, reflects on the mental strength gained from difficult times: "You have to remember that the hard days are what make you stronger. The bad days make you realize what a good day is. If you never had any bad days, you would never have that sense of accomplishment!"  Gabby Douglas, an Olympic gold medalist, emphasizes self-belief and courage: "You just have to be yourself and go full with confidence and be courageous."Aliya Mustafina, an Olympic gold medalist, identifies a significant mental challenge: "The most difficult thing to overcome is yourself. It’s difficult to force oneself to get up and keep going when things are tough."

The content also generally notes that the "winning edge starts from within, long before performance begins" and that the "subconscious is the control center of peak performance." An audio resource is mentioned titled 'The Power of Visualization & Belief' by Craig Townsend, suggesting these are key mental components in performance.

Simone Biles' most powerful statements about mental health

Gymnastics Quotes

Gymnastics Quotes

gymnastic recovery, gymnastic Injuries, Hypnosis Education gymnastic confidence, imagery for the gymnast, visualization for the gymnast, hypnosis, hypnotherapy, sports performance, mental training

Physiologic Changes and Depth of Hypnosis

Physiological Changes During Hypnosis & Depth of Hypnosis

Hypnosis is a unique state of consciousness characterized by heightened suggestibility, focused attention, and deep relaxation. Research has identified several physiological changes that occur during hypnosis, which can be measured using various scientific methods. These changes can be broadly categorized into alterations in brain activity, autonomic nervous system responses, and sensory processing.

1. Brain Activity Changes

One of the most significant physiological changes during hypnosis is the alteration in brain activity patterns. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) are commonly used to study these changes:

• Decreased Activity in the Dorsal Anterior Cingulate Cortex (dACC): Studies have shown that during hypnosis, there is a notable decrease in activity within the dACC, which is associated with monitoring and evaluating external stimuli. This reduction suggests that individuals become less aware of their surroundings and more absorbed in internal experiences[1].

• Increased Connectivity Between Brain Regions: Research indicates enhanced connectivity between the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and the insula during hypnosis. This connection is thought to facilitate better integration of bodily sensations and cognitive processes, allowing for improved control over physical responses[2].

• Theta Wave Activity: Hypnosis is associated with increased theta wave activity in the brain. Theta waves are linked to states of relaxation and creativity, suggesting that individuals may experience altered states of consciousness during hypnosis[3].

2. Autonomic Nervous System Responses

Hypnosis also significantly impacts the autonomic nervous system (ANS), particularly enhancing parasympathetic activity:

• Increased Parasympathetic Nervous System Activity: The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for promoting relaxation and reducing stress responses. Studies have demonstrated that hypnosis activates this system, leading to decreased heart rate and blood pressure[4]. For instance, one study found that participants who underwent hypnosis before surgery exhibited higher levels of parasympathetic activity compared to those who did not undergo hypnosis[5].

• Heart Rate Variability: Hypnosis has been shown to increase heart rate variability (HRV), which reflects a healthy balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic activities. Higher HRV is generally associated with better emotional regulation and lower stress levels[6].

3. Sensory Processing Changes

Hypnosis can also alter how sensory information is processed:

• Altered Pain Perception: One of the most well-documented effects of hypnosis is its ability to modulate pain perception. Hypnotic suggestions can lead to reduced activity in brain regions associated with pain processing, such as the thalamus and sensory cortices[7]. This change allows individuals to experience less pain or discomfort during medical procedures or chronic pain conditions.

• Enhanced Sensory Imagery: During hypnosis, individuals often report vivid sensory experiences as if they were real. This phenomenon occurs because engaging one's imagination activates similar brain regions as actual sensory input would[8]. For example, visualizing a calming scene can stimulate areas of the brain responsible for visual processing.

Conclusion

In summary, the physiological changes that occur during hypnosis include decreased activity in specific brain regions like the dACC, increased connectivity between areas involved in cognitive control and bodily awareness, heightened theta wave activity indicative of relaxation, enhanced parasympathetic nervous system function leading to reduced heart rate and blood pressure, increased heart rate variability reflecting better emotional regulation, altered pain perception through modulation of brain activity related to pain processing, and enhanced sensory imagery activation.

These findings underscore the complex interplay between mind and body during hypnotic states and highlight its potential therapeutic applications.

1. Jiang H, White MP, Greicius MD, Waelde LC, Spiegel D. Brain Activity and Functional Connectivity Associated with Hypnosis. Cereb Cortex. 2017 Aug 1;27(8):4083-4093. doi: 10.1093/cercor/bhw220. PMID: 27469596; PMCID: PMC6248753.

1. Spiegel D., et al. (2016). Study identifies brain areas altered during hypnotic trances. Stanford Medicine News Center.

2. Wolf T.G., Faerber K.A., Rummel C., Halsband U., & Campus G. (2022). Functional changes in brain activity using hypnosis: A systematic review. Brain Sciences, 12(1), 108.

3. Boselli E., et al. (2018). Effects of hypnosis on relative parasympathetic tone assessed by ANI in healthy volunteers: a prospective observational study. Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing, 32(3), 487–492.

4. VandeVusse L., et al. (2010). Impact of self-hypnosis on select physiologic parameters in women undergoing gynecologic surgery: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic & Neonatal Nursing, 39(2), 159–168.

5. Yüksel R., Ozcan O., & Dane S.(2013). The effects of hypnosis on heart rate variability: A systematic review.

6. International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis, 61(2), 162–171.

7. Rainville P., Duncan G.H., Price D.D., Carrier B., & Bushnell M.C.(1997). Pain affect encoded in human anterior cingulate but not somatosensory cortex.

8. Science, 277(5328), 968–971.

9. Derbyshire S.W.G., Whalley M.G., Stenger V.A., & Oakley D.A.(2004). Cerebral activation during hypnotically induced and imagined pain.

10. NeuroImage, 23(1), 392–401.

Methods to Determine Depth of Hypnosis

Depth of Hypnosis

Hypnosis is a state of focused attention, heightened suggestibility, and deep relaxation. The depth of hypnosis can vary significantly among individuals and can be influenced by various factors, including the subject's personality, the hypnotist's skill, and the specific techniques employed. Understanding how to measure the depth of hypnosis is crucial for both clinical applications and research purposes. This article explores several methods used to determine the depth of hypnosis.

1. Subjective Measures

1.1 Self-Report Scales

One of the most common methods for assessing the depth of hypnosis involves self-report scales where subjects rate their own experiences during hypnosis. Instruments such as the Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale (SHSS) are widely used in clinical settings. The SHSS consists of a series of suggestions that gauge an individual's responsiveness to hypnotic suggestions (Weitzenhoffer & Hilgard, The Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale). Participants report their experiences on a scale that reflects their level of engagement and response to hypnotic suggestions.

1.2 Hypnotic Induction Profile

Another subjective measure is the Hypnotic Induction Profile (HIP), which assesses various dimensions such as absorption, dissociation, and suggestibility during induction (Tellegen & Atkinson, Openness to Absorption). The HIP provides insight into how deeply an individual enters a hypnotic state based on their responses to specific prompts.

2. Behavioral Measures

2.1 Response to Suggestions

Behavioral measures often involve observing how individuals respond to specific suggestions during hypnosis. For instance, if a subject can experience analgesia or amnesia upon suggestion, it indicates a deeper level of hypnosis (Hilgard, Divided Consciousness: Multiple Controls in Human Thought and Action). The ability to perform complex tasks or follow intricate instructions while in a trance state also serves as an indicator of depth.

2.2 Motor Responses

Motor responses can also be evaluated through tests that require physical reactions to verbal cues. For example, researchers may use arm levitation or hand lowering tests where subjects are instructed to allow their arms to rise or fall based on hypnotic suggestions (Baker et al., "The Role of Suggestion in Hypnosis," International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis). The ease with which these tasks are performed can reflect the depth of hypnosis experienced by the subject.

3. Physiological Measures

3.1 Neuroimaging Techniques

Recent advancements in neuroimaging have allowed researchers to explore the physiological correlates of hypnotic states more thoroughly. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) studies have shown distinct patterns of brain activity associated with different depths of hypnosis (Oakley & Halligan, "Hypnosis and Suggestion," Nature Reviews Neuroscience). These imaging techniques provide objective data regarding changes in brain function that correlate with subjective reports from participants.

3.2 Electroencephalography (EEG)

Electroencephalography (EEG) is another method used to assess depth by measuring electrical activity in the brain during hypnosis sessions. Studies have indicated that certain EEG patterns—such as increased theta wave activity—are associated with deeper states of hypnosis (Tart, States of Consciousness). This method allows for real-time monitoring and provides quantitative data regarding alterations in consciousness.

4. Combination Approaches

Combining subjective measures with behavioral and physiological assessments offers a more comprehensive understanding of hypnotic depth. For example, using both self-report scales alongside neuroimaging techniques can validate findings across different modalities (Kosslyn et al., "Neural Correlates of Hypnosis," Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience). Such integrative approaches enhance reliability and provide richer insights into the complexities surrounding hypnotic states.

Conclusion

Determining the depth of hypnosis involves a multifaceted approach that includes subjective self-reports, behavioral observations, and physiological measurements. Each method has its strengths and limitations; therefore, employing a combination enhances accuracy and reliability in assessing hypnotic states.

1. Weitzenhoffer, A.M., & Hilgard, E.R. The Stanford Hypnotic Susceptibility Scale. (Print)

2. Tellegen, A., & Atkinson, G. Openness to Absorption. (Print)

3. Hilgard, E.R. Divided Consciousness: Multiple Controls in Human Thought and Action. (Print)

4. Baker, D., et al., "The Role of Suggestion in Hypnosis." International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis. (Academic Journal)

5. Oakley, D.A., & Halligan, P.W., "Hypnosis and Suggestion." Nature Reviews Neuroscience. (Academic Journal)

Contact: barryj@barryjones.com

Hypnotherapy Certification

This course is based 100% on Peer-Reviewed hypnosis research.
You decide what hypnosis is.
I will be your constant buffer and guide, especially through the practical application of the course into your practice and pursuits.
You will graduate with complete confidence and readiness to immediately be of service to others.

Module 1 

• You will Explore the history of hypnosis especially as it relates to Eastern cultures. Perhaps the elegance and simplicity practiced by the yogis and Buddha monks can offer us a better understanding, and a reason not to re-invent the wheel.

• You will be able to understand how to simply evaluate a scientific research article

• You will evaluate the different theories of hypnosis.

State vs. State
State Theories
Hilgard’s Neodissociation Theory
Gruelier’s Neurophysiological Theory
Dissociated-Experience Theory
Non-State Theories
Social-Cognitive Theory
Kirsch’s Response Expectancy Theory
Sarbin’s Role Theory
Integrative/middle-way/neither-one-nor the other theories
Cold control Theory
Brown & Oakley’s Integrative Cognitive Theory 
Dissociated Control Theory (DCT)
Kihlstrom’s Third Way
Biopsychosocial (My Personal Choice)

• Pre-Hypnosis Interview

• Establishing Client Suitability

• Criteria to assess the effectiveness of your session

• Criteria for clients you should refer to other professionals

• Personality Types ( Introvert & Extroverts )

Mastering inductions effortlessly
You will learn multiple inductions and quickly realise and understand how simple the process is.
The course is individually based and will require 1 to 1 contact time at least twice a week ( Zoom, Skype etc. ).

Module 2

Successfully mastering induction techniques is just the first step as a hypnotist. Understanding how to apply specific vocabulary can quite literally make or break a hypnotherapy session. It is probably the biggest reason for a “Not so successful” client experience. I cannot emphasis the importance of this.
Whenever I do a clinical session, I give the client a few minutes afterwards to establish their equilibrium. But then I will throw in “Was there any words/phrases/images that I used that affected you. 
You will be amazed at the feedback you receive. It only makes sense! Look at interpersonal communication, how something said in complete innocence can be blown out of proportion———Now imagine that same thing occurring during a hypnotherapy session but amplified and magnified. You will study this application as it pertains to developing specific therapies, examples: 

1. Weight Loss/Weight Management

2. Acute/Chronic Pain

3. Smoking Cessation

4. Phobias

5. Stress & Anxiety Reduction

6. Natural Childbirth

7. Sports Performance

It is my opinion that you will be a better-equipped therapist if you have an intimate understanding of your topic. For example, I coached a multitude of sports and was an ultra-endurance athlete. I am drawn to sports performance and market myself accordingly. I identify with the vocabulary of the athlete and I am therefore confident that I can help them. I also have chronic pain from a surgery that caused permanent nerve damage. Pain is a complex issue with a myriad of descriptors, and I have probably experienced most of them. When someone comes to me with pain issues, I can understand them on so many different levels and  *“prescribe the appropriate vocabulary.”*

Module 3

• Marketing Strategies 

• Setting up group seminars for weight loss and smoking cessation

• Setting up online sessions

• Creating self-hypnosis audios

• Regression

• Progression

• What Science Says about Past Life Regression

Assessment 
60% of your grade will be practical, your ability to assess and hypnotize somebody. 
20% Synopsis of peer-reviewed research. ( Self-paced ) 
20% final paper of your choice related to your subject of interest. This can be an oral presentation (prerecorded or live) or written ( Self-paced ).

* Just as a Doctor prescribes a medication or a treatment plan, a hypnotherapist prescribes words and images.

Please get in touch with me for suitability. The cost of the course is £875.

Barry Jones was born In England and completed his teaching credentials at Newcastle-Upon-Tyne University.  He continued his education in the United States and holds a Masters Degree in Health and Physical Education.. He has lectured at the University level for 12 years and conducts corporate seminars on re-programming the mind for self-development. Barry is also an ultra-endurance athlete and a competitor in the Ironman World Championship triathlon in Hawaii.

I received my advanced education at The University of California San Diego through the American Society of Clinical Hypnosis, the foremost society in North America of professionals in medicine, psychology, and dentistry. It is dedicated to informing the public about the therapeutic effects of hypnosis and educating qualified professionals in the use of hypnosis for the benefit of humanity and themselves.

How to Choose Hypnotherapy Training

Choosing the right hypnotherapy training program is a crucial step for anyone looking to become a certified hypnotherapist. With numerous options available, it can be overwhelming to determine which course will best suit your needs and career goals. Here are some key factors to consider when selecting a hypnotherapy training program.

Understand Your Goals

Before diving into the specifics of various courses, it's essential to clarify your personal and professional goals. Are you looking to practice hypnotherapy full-time, or do you intend to incorporate it into an existing practice? Understanding your objectives will help narrow down your choices and ensure that the training aligns with your aspirations.

Compare Course Content

Once you've identified potential programs, examine their syllabi closely. A comprehensive course should cover essential topics such as:

• Hypnotic induction techniques

• Suggestion therapy

• Client assessment methods

• Ethical considerations in practice

• Business skills for running a hypnotherapy practice

Courses that offer practical experience alongside theoretical knowledge are particularly valuable. Ensure that the curriculum prepares you adequately for real-world applications.

Evaluate Trainer Experience

The qualifications and experience of trainers play a vital role in the quality of education you'll receive. Research their backgrounds—ideally, they should have extensive practical experience in hypnotherapy as well as teaching credentials. Trainers who actively work in the field can provide insights based on real client interactions, enriching your learning experience.

Consider Flexibility in Learning Formats

Training programs may offer different formats: online courses, in-person classes, or hybrid models. Online courses provide flexibility for those balancing other commitments but may lack hands-on experience. In-person classes often facilitate better interaction with instructors and peers but require more time commitment. Choose a format that fits your lifestyle while ensuring it provides adequate practical training opportunities.

Read Reviews and Testimonials

Reviews from past students can offer valuable insights into what you can expect from a program. Look for testimonials on third-party review sites like TrustPilot or Google Reviews. Be cautious of overly positive reviews on official websites; they may not reflect genuine experiences. Authentic feedback will help you gauge whether a program delivers on its promises.

Assess Cost vs. Value

While cost shouldn't be the sole deciding factor, it's important to evaluate whether you're getting good value for your investment. Some programs may appear expensive but offer extensive resources, mentorship opportunities, or post-graduation support. Conversely, cheaper options might lack depth or accreditation. Consider payment plans if available to make high-quality training more accessible.

Seek Supportive Community Resources

A supportive community can enhance your learning journey significantly. Look for programs that offer access to forums, mentorship opportunities, or networking events where you can connect with fellow students and professionals. This support network can be invaluable as you transition into practice.

In summary, choosing the right hypnotherapy training involves understanding your goals, researching different approaches, comparing course content and accreditation status, evaluating trainer experience, considering learning formats, reading reviews, assessing cost versus value, and seeking community support. By taking these steps thoughtfully, you'll be better positioned to select a program that equips you with the skills necessary for success in this rewarding field.

Contact: barryj@barryjones.com

Hypnosis to Enhance Figure Skating Confidence and Technique

Using Hypnosis to Enhance Your Skating Confidence

Using Hypnosis to Enhance Skating Confidence

Hypnosis has emerged as a powerful tool for enhancing the performance of figure skaters, addressing various psychological aspects that can significantly impact their training and competition outcomes. This article explores how hypnosis can improve confidence, reduce anxiety, enhance focus, and facilitate skill acquisition among figure skaters.

Understanding Hypnosis

Hypnosis is a state of focused attention and heightened suggestibility, often accompanied by deep relaxation. It allows individuals to access their subconscious mind, where they can reprogram negative thoughts and behaviors that may hinder performance. In the context of sports, including figure skating, hypnosis can be utilized to enhance mental resilience and optimize physical execution.

Enhancing Confidence

Confidence is crucial for figure skaters as they perform intricate routines under pressure. Hypnosis can help athletes visualize successful performances, reinforcing positive self-affirmations such as "I am capable" or "I will execute my routine flawlessly." Research indicates that enhanced self-confidence through hypnosis leads to improved performance outcomes in various sports. By instilling a strong belief in their abilities, skaters are more likely to perform at their best during competitions.

Reducing Anxiety

Pre-competition anxiety is common among athletes, including figure skaters. This anxiety can manifest physically and mentally, affecting performance quality. Hypnosis techniques can help skaters manage this anxiety by promoting relaxation and calmness before performances. Suggestions given during hypnosis sessions might include phrases like "You are calm and focused" or "You feel confident on the ice," which can help mitigate nervousness. Studies have shown that hypnosis effectively reduces anxiety levels in athletes, leading to better focus and execution during competitions.

Improving Focus

Focus is essential for figure skaters who must execute complex routines with precision. Hypnosis can train athletes to concentrate on specific elements of their performance while blocking out distractions from the environment. Techniques such as visualization allow skaters to mentally rehearse their routines in a relaxed state, enhancing their ability to maintain focus during actual performances. This mental rehearsal not only improves concentration but also helps solidify muscle memory for technical skills.

Facilitating Skill Acquisition

The learning process for new techniques in figure skating can be challenging. Hypnosis aids in skill acquisition by allowing skaters to visualize themselves successfully executing new moves or routines. This mental imagery reinforces neural pathways associated with those skills, making it easier for athletes to replicate them physically. Research supports the idea that hypnosis enhances motor skill learning across various sports disciplines, making it an invaluable tool for figure skaters looking to refine their techniques.

Conclusion

Incorporating hypnosis into training regimens offers significant benefits for figure skaters aiming to enhance their performance. By improving confidence, reducing anxiety, enhancing focus, and facilitating skill acquisition, hypnosis serves as a comprehensive approach to optimizing athletic potential on the ice. As more coaches and athletes recognize its value, hypnosis is likely to become an integral part of competitive figure skating training programs.

AUTHORITATIVE SOURCES

1. Allen S.V., Hopkins W.G. (2015). Age of Peak Competitive Performance of Elite Athletes: a Systematic Review. Sports Med., 45(10), 1431–1441.

2. Ji L. (1992). The future applications of hypnosis in sports activities. Sport Sci. Res., 1992:23–25+22+28.

3. Milling L.S., Randazzo E.S. (2016). Enhancing Sports Performance With Hypnosis: an Ode for Tiger Woods. Psychol Conscious., 3(1), 45–60.

4. Taylor J., Horevitz R., Balague G. (1993). The Use of Hypnosis in Applied Sport Psychology. Sport Psychol., 7(1), 58–78.

5. Jalene S., Wulf G. (2014). Brief Hypnotic Intervention Increases Throwing Accuracy. Int J Sports Sci Coach., 9(1), 199–206.

6. Pates J., Maynard I., Westbury T. (2001). An Investigation into the Effects of Hypnosis on Basketball Performance. J Appl Sport Psychol., 13(1), 84–102.

Yuna Kim

How Does Hypnosis Help The Competitive Golfer

The Psychology and Mind Games of Professional Golfers: How Hypnosis Can Help

Golf is not merely a physical sport; it is a mental game that requires intense psychological fortitude. The professional golfer must navigate the intricacies of the mind, managing stress, focus, and emotional regulation to achieve peak performance. This article delves into the psychological aspects of golf, exploring the mind games involved and how hypnosis can serve as a powerful tool to enhance a golfer's mental game.

The Psychological Challenges in Golf

Concentration and Focus

Golf demands unwavering concentration. Unlike many sports where action is continuous, golf involves periods of inactivity interspersed with moments requiring acute focus. According to The Psychology of Golf (Encyclopedia of Sports Science), maintaining concentration over several hours is one of the most challenging aspects for golfers. Distractions from environmental factors such as weather conditions or crowd noise can disrupt a player's focus, leading to suboptimal performance.

Stress and Anxiety Management

Stress and anxiety are prevalent among professional golfers due to high expectations and competitive pressures. As noted in Mind Over Muscle: The Role of Mental Toughness in Sports (Academic Journal), these emotions can manifest physically, affecting muscle tension and coordination. Effective stress management techniques are crucial for maintaining composure under pressure.

Emotional Regulation

Emotional regulation is another critical component in golf psychology. A single poor shot can lead to frustration or anger, which may spiral into further mistakes if not managed properly. Emotions in Sport(Reference Publication) highlights that successful golfers often exhibit superior emotional control, allowing them to recover quickly from setbacks.

Mind Games in Professional Golf

Visualization Techniques

Visualization is a common mental strategy employed by golfers to enhance performance. By mentally rehearsing shots before execution, players can improve their confidence and precision. This technique is extensively discussed in The Inner Game of Golf (Print), where it emphasizes the importance of creating vivid mental images to simulate success on the course.

Self-Talk Strategies

Positive self-talk is another psychological tool used by professional golfers to maintain motivation and confidence. According to Cognitive Strategies for Athletes (Academic Journal), self-talk helps counteract negative thoughts that may arise during competition, reinforcing a positive mindset essential for peak performance.

Hypnosis as a Tool for Enhancing Mental Performance

Hypnosis has emerged as an effective method for addressing the psychological challenges faced by golfers. It involves inducing a trance-like state where individuals become highly receptive to suggestions aimed at improving mental skills.

Enhancing Concentration through Hypnosis

Hypnosis can significantly enhance concentration by training the mind to filter out distractions more effectively. In Hypnosis in Sport: A Comprehensive Guide (Print), it is explained how hypnotic techniques can help athletes enter a focused state more readily, thus improving their ability to concentrate during critical moments.

Reducing Anxiety with Hypnotic Techniques

Hypnotic interventions have been shown to reduce anxiety levels among athletes by promoting relaxation and calmness. Through guided imagery and relaxation scripts, hypnosis helps golfers manage stress responses better, as detailed in Sports Hypnosis: Unlocking Athletic Potential(Reference Publication).

Improving Emotional Control via Hypnosis

Hypnosis also aids in enhancing emotional regulation by instilling coping mechanisms that allow golfers to handle emotions constructively. Techniques such as anchoring positive feelings or reframing negative experiences are explored in depth within The Power of Hypnosis in Sports Performance(Print).

Conclusion

The psychological demands on professional golfers are immense, requiring mastery over concentration, stress management, and emotional regulation. Mind games play an integral role in shaping outcomes on the course, with strategies like visualization and self-talk being pivotal components of success. Hypnosis offers valuable support by enhancing these mental skills through focused interventions tailored specifically for athletes' needs.

By integrating hypnosis into their training regimen, professional golfers can unlock new levels of mental resilience and performance excellence—transforming potential weaknesses into strengths on their journey toward sporting greatness.

1. Encyclopedia of Sports Science (Encyclopedia)

2. Mind Over Muscle: The Role of Mental Toughness in Sports. Academic Journal (Academic Journal)

3. Emotions in Sport (Reference Publication)

4. Gallwey, W.T., The Inner Game of Golf. Random House (Print)

5. Karleéa M., et al., Hypnosis in Sport: A Comprehensive Guide. Routledge (Print)

Hypnosis can be a valuable tool for competitive golfers to enhance their mental game and improve their overall performance on the course. Here are some ways in which hypnosis can help competitive golfers:

• Improved Focus and Concentration: Hypnosis can help golfers develop better focus and concentration skills, which are crucial for maintaining attention during a round of golf that may last several hours. By eliminating distractions and staying in the present moment, golfers can make better decisions and execute their shots with greater precision.

• Reduced Performance Anxiety: Many competitive golfers experience nerves and anxiety during tournaments, which can negatively impact their performance. Hypnosis can assist golfers in managing anxiety and staying calm under pressure, leading to more consistent and confident play.

• Enhanced Visualization and Mental Rehearsal: Hypnosis can help golfers vividly visualize successful shots and rounds. By mentally rehearsing their swings, putting strokes, and overall strategies, golfers can reinforce muscle memory and increase their chances of executing those shots during actual play.

• Overcoming Slumps and Mental Blocks: Hypnosis can address mental barriers that may arise during a golfer's career, such as loss of confidence, negative thought patterns, or fear of failure. By working with the subconscious mind, hypnosis can help replace limiting beliefs with positive and empowering ones, allowing the golfer to break through slumps and perform at their best.

• Confidence Building: Hypnosis can boost a golfer's self-confidence and belief in their abilities. With increased confidence, golfers are more likely to take calculated risks and make assertive decisions on the course.

• Improved Stress Management: Hypnosis can aid in managing stress, both on and off the course. A relaxed and composed mindset can positively influence a golfer's decision-making and shot execution.

• Developing a Pre-shot Routine: Hypnosis can help golfers create and reinforce a consistent pre-shot routine, which can instill a sense of familiarity and comfort before each shot, promoting a more relaxed and focused state.

• Pain Management and Injury Recovery: For golfers dealing with injuries or physical discomfort, hypnosis can be used as a complementary approach to manage pain and potentially aid in the healing process.

• Enhanced Mental Resilience: Hypnosis can foster mental resilience, helping golfers bounce back from setbacks and stay positive and motivated throughout their career.

Hypnosis can create positive thought processes during the trials and tribulations of GROWTH SPURTS

Growth spurts can have both positive and negative effects on a gymnast's performance. Growth spurts typically occur during adolescence, which is the age range when many young gymnasts are involved in the sport. These growth spurts can vary in timing and duration, but they commonly occur between the ages of 10 and 16 for girls and 12 and 18 for boys.

Also known as the “Peak Height Velocity” (PHV) period, a “growth spurt” will have a significant impact on a gymnast. This is NORMAL and should be expected. Helping gymnasts understand this can have a positive impact on their health and their progression in the sport. Awareness and prevention are essential during this period of growth. (USA Gymnastics)

 Here are some ways growth spurts can impact gymnasts:

1. Changes in body proportions: During a growth spurt, different parts of the body may grow at different rates, leading to temporary changes in body proportions. This can affect a gymnast's sense of balance and spatial awareness. Adjusting to these changes may require the gymnast to relearn certain skills and adjust their technique accordingly.

2. Decreased coordination: Rapid growth can temporarily affect a gymnast's coordination. As the body adjusts to its changing dimensions, movements that were once automatic may feel unfamiliar or awkward. Gymnasts may experience a temporary loss of fine motor skills and precision, leading to difficulties in executing complex movements.

3. Loss of flexibility: Growth spurts can cause a temporary loss of flexibility as muscles and tendons adjust to the rapid bone growth. This can impact a gymnast's ability to achieve full range of motion and maintain proper form in certain skills, particularly in skills that require high levels of flexibility, such as splits or backbends.

4. Strength imbalances: During growth spurts, bones often grow faster than muscles, leading to temporary strength imbalances. This can make it challenging for gymnasts to control their bodies effectively and generate the necessary power for certain skills. Focusing on strength training and conditioning exercises can help address these imbalances and minimize their impact.

5. Increased injury risk: Growth spurts can temporarily weaken bones, making gymnasts more susceptible to injuries, especially stress fractures. The rapid growth can also strain muscles and tendons, increasing the risk of muscle strains or tendonitis. Proper warm-up routines, injury prevention strategies, and monitoring workload can help reduce the risk of injuries during this period.

6. Improved power and strength potential: While growth spurts may initially pose challenges, they can also bring positive changes. With increased bone growth and improved muscle development, gymnasts may experience an increase in power and strength potential. As the body adjusts to its new dimensions, gymnasts may find themselves capable of more powerful and dynamic movements.

7. Mental and emotional impact: Growth spurts can also have psychological effects on gymnasts. Dealing with physical changes and temporary performance setbacks may lead to frustration, self-doubt, or a loss of confidence. It is crucial to provide emotional support and foster a positive training environment to help gymnasts navigate these challenges.

Overall, growth spurts require gymnasts to be patient, adaptable, and focused on gradual progress. Coaches play a vital role in modifying training programs, adjusting skill progressions, and providing support to help gymnasts manage the impact of growth spurts on their performance. 

Hypnosis can profoundly restore self-confidence. Reframing temporary performance setbacks as nothing more than a challenge that will be met.

Understanding the Impact of Growth Spurts on Gymnasts' Performance

Growth spurts are significant periods of rapid physical development that can profoundly affect a gymnast's performance. These phases, characterized by sudden increases in height and changes in body composition, can influence various aspects of a gymnast's abilities, including strength, coordination, and overall athletic performance.

The Nature of Growth Spurts

Growth spurts typically occur during puberty and can vary significantly among individuals. For many gymnasts, these spurts happen between the ages of 9 and 14 for girls and slightly later for boys. During this time, athletes may experience an increase in height of about 3 to 4 inches per year, along with changes in body weight and muscle mass. This rapid growth can lead to a temporary imbalance between strength and coordination as the body adjusts to new dimensions.

Effects on Strength and Coordination

As gymnasts grow taller during a growth spurt, their center of gravity shifts. This change can impact their balance and stability, which are crucial for executing complex routines. The increased height may also result in longer limbs that require adjustments in technique. For instance, a gymnast who has grown significantly might find it challenging to perform skills that were once easy due to altered leverage and body mechanics.

Moreover, while muscle mass typically increases with growth spurts, the rate at which strength develops may not keep pace with height increases. This discrepancy can lead to decreased power output during performances. Gymnasts often need to recalibrate their movements as they adapt to their changing bodies; this process is sometimes referred to as "recalibration".

Injury Risk During Growth Spurts

Increased injury risk is another critical concern during growth spurts. As bones grow rapidly, tendons and ligaments may not adapt at the same rate, leading to conditions such as Osgood-Schlatter disease or Sever's disease.

These injuries can sideline gymnasts during crucial training periods or competitions. Coaches must be vigilant during these times to monitor athletes closely for signs of discomfort or pain.

Psychological Factors

The psychological impact of growth spurts should not be overlooked. As gymnasts undergo physical changes, they may also experience shifts in self-esteem and confidence levels. A sudden increase in height can make them feel awkward or less coordinated than before. This mental adjustment is vital for maintaining performance levels; if a gymnast feels uncomfortable with their new body dynamics, it could affect their willingness to attempt difficult skills.

Training Adjustments

To mitigate the effects of growth spurts on performance, training regimens should be adjusted accordingly. Coaches might focus on enhancing flexibility and strength training tailored specifically for growing athletes. Incorporating exercises that promote core stability can help gymnasts maintain balance despite changes in body proportions.

Additionally, tracking growth patterns through regular assessments allows coaches to anticipate when an athlete might enter a growth spurt. By understanding individual growth trajectories—chronological age versus developmental age—coaches can tailor training loads appropriately.

Conclusion

In summary, growth spurts significantly affect a gymnast's performance by altering strength dynamics, coordination, injury risk profiles, and psychological states. Recognizing these changes allows coaches and athletes alike to adapt training methods effectively while ensuring safety and optimal performance throughout these critical developmental phases.

AUTHORITATIVE SOURCES

1. Understanding Growth Spurts: Implications for Young Athletes

2. The Impact of Physical Changes on Gymnastics Performance [PMC]↩

3. Recalibration During Growth: A Key Consideration for Coaches

4. Common Injuries Associated with Rapid Growth [Shift Movement Science]↩

5. Psychological Adjustments During Growth Spurts [Christina Anderson RDN]↩

6. Training Strategies for Growing Athletes [Shift Movement Science]↩

7. Monitoring Growth Patterns in Young Athletes

Physiology of Growth Spurts and the Young Athlete: A Comprehensive Review

The phenomenon of growth spurts is a critical phase in the development of young athletes, characterized by rapid physical changes that can significantly impact athletic performance and training. Understanding the physiology behind these growth spurts is essential for coaches, parents, and healthcare professionals to support young athletes effectively.

The Physiology of Growth Spurts

Growth spurts are periods of accelerated physical development typically occurring during adolescence. These spurts are primarily driven by hormonal changes, particularly the increase in growth hormone (GH) and sex steroids such as testosterone and estrogen. The pituitary gland plays a crucial role in this process by secreting GH, which stimulates the liver to produce insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), a key mediator of bone growth and muscle development (Encyclopedia of Human Biology).

During a growth spurt, there is an increase in both linear height and muscle mass. The long bones in the body, such as those in the legs and arms, grow rapidly due to increased activity at the epiphyseal plates or growth plates. This rapid bone elongation can sometimes lead to temporary imbalances between bone lengthening and muscle-tendon unit adaptation, potentially causing issues like joint pain or increased injury risk (Human Growth Hormone: Research and Clinical Practice).

Impact on Young Athletes

For young athletes, growth spurts can present both opportunities and challenges. On one hand, increased height and muscle mass can enhance performance capabilities in sports that benefit from these attributes. However, the rapid changes also necessitate adjustments in training regimens to accommodate new biomechanical realities.

Coordination and Motor Skills

One significant challenge during growth spurts is maintaining coordination and motor skills. As limbs lengthen rapidly, proprioception—the body's ability to sense its position in space—can be temporarily disrupted. This may result in decreased agility or balance until the athlete adapts to their new body dimensions (The Adolescent Athlete: A Practical Approach).

Injury Risk

The risk of injury also increases during growth spurts due to several factors. The disparity between bone growth and soft tissue adaptation can lead to conditions such as Osgood-Schlatter disease or Sever's disease, which are common overuse injuries seen in growing athletes. Additionally, changes in biomechanics may predispose young athletes to acute injuries if not properly managed through tailored training programs (Sports Medicine for Young Athletes).

Nutritional Considerations

Adequate nutrition is vital during this period of rapid growth. Young athletes require increased caloric intake to support both their basal metabolic needs and their heightened energy expenditure from sports activities. Key nutrients include calcium for bone health, protein for muscle development, and carbohydrates for energy replenishment (Nutrition for Sportspersons: An Essential Guide).

Training Adaptations

To optimize performance while minimizing injury risks during growth spurts, it is crucial for training programs to be adaptable:

• Strength Training: Focus should be on developing core stability and functional strength rather than maximal lifts.

• Flexibility Exercises: Incorporating stretching routines can help maintain flexibility as muscles adapt to longer bones.

• Skill Development: Emphasizing technique over intensity ensures that motor skills remain sharp despite physiological changes.

Coaches should monitor athletes closely for signs of fatigue or discomfort that could indicate overtraining or potential injury.

Conclusion

Understanding the physiology of growth spurts provides valuable insights into managing young athletes' development effectively. By recognizing the unique challenges posed by these periods of rapid change, such as coordination difficulties, increased injury risk, and nutritional demands, coaches can implement strategies that promote healthy athletic progression while safeguarding against potential setbacks.

Got to my Facebook page——The Gymnastic Mind Game

What you need to know about online Hypnotherapy

First, hypnotherapy online is no different than a traditional hypnotherapy office visit. Before COVID many hypnotherapists were already practicing online. There are many benefits over the person-to-person hypnotherapy experience.

For example, online hypnotherapy negates the additional time and stress of getting to an office visit.

Arranging your appointment around family and friend commitments is usually simpler. And if medical conditions and mobility are a limitation, online hypnotherapy is a wonderful alternative.

In so many cases the anxiety of making it to an office hypnotherapy session can outweigh its benefits. These anxieties produce VERY real emotions, both subjectively and physiologically. In the medical field, practitioners are trained to recognize White Coat Syndrome. In more extreme cases, Latrophobia and Agrophobia or social anxiety may also prevent clients from traveling or spending time in new environments.

Online hypnotherapy can remove many of these types of anxieties because you are in a familiar environment. You can also have friends and family present (as long as they do not disturb you).

How does online hypnotherapy differ from traditional hypnotherapy?

There is no difference. As long you commit to the process then the results will be the same. (without the additional stress of getting to the hypnotherapist’s office). 

Due to the coronavirus, many therapies have moved online, however, telemedicine has been around since the 1950s with remarkable success.

Hypnotherapy in many ways is far easier to prescribe online than traditional medicine as the hypnotist's prescription tool is his voice. As long as your audio settings are good then you are ready to go.

What conditions can online hypnotherapy treat?

Everything that a traditional office visit could help with. 

In today’s coronavirus environment, anxiety has become the norm for many. One of the greatest benefits of hypnotherapy is creating a relaxation response.

Whatever condition you choose from the list below, you will feel a sense of peace and tranquility. The following list is just an example of what can be helped with hypnosis. Click on the green highlighted link for up-to-date evidence-based hypnotherapy treatment. 

Hypnotherapy For Anxiety

The tremendous volume of research provides compelling evidence that hypnosis is an efficacious treatment for state anxiety (e.g., before tests, surgery, and medical procedures) and anxiety-related disorders, such as headaches and irritable bowel syndrome. – quote from the study.

Hypnotherapy For Weight Management/Weight Loss

Go to the Store to purchase audio for weight loss with self-hypnosis

This study indicates that hypnotherapy in obesity treatment leads to weight loss in obese patients, and thus, to considerable changes in leptin, ADP, and irisin levels. Hypnotherapy is easy to apply, cheap, and effective; has no potential for side effects; and can be applied both alone and in combination with other treatments. – quote from the study.

Hypnotherapy For Smoking Cessation

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Efforts to stop a tobacco habit have components that are both physical and emotional in nature; and which produce periods of discomfort and high relapse rates. Hypnosis can be supportive for both the physical and emotional aspects necessary for successful cessation. – quote from the study.

Hypnotherapy For Phobias

There is a significant change in the decrease in phobia symptoms, by 51.87% after hypnotherapy. This study concluded that hypnotherapy was effective in reducing phobia symptoms with 2 therapy sessions in 4 meetings. – quote from the study.

Hypnotherapy For Nail Biting

Go to the Store to purchase Stop Nail Biting Self-Hypnosis Audio

Results for all subjects indicated an immediate and dramatic increase in fingernail lengths concomitant with the introduction of treatment. At 3-month follow-up, subject 1 demonstrated a moderate reversal effect while the remaining two subjects continued to indicate substantial progress. These findings were discussed with regard to the efficacy of hypnobehavioral treatment strategies and the utilization of single-case experimental designs in future hypnotherapy research. – quote from the study.

Hypnotherapy For Sports Performance

This paper focuses on using hypnosis as a technique to enhance performance, reduce anxiety, and increase self-efficacy in coaching and coaching psychology settings. – quote from the study.

Hypnotherapy For Pain Management

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Reviews on hypnosis for internal medicine topics are impressive, with demonstrated efficacy for migraine headaches, irritable bowel syndrome, and anxiety. Hypnosis improves procedural pain and emotional distress and reduces medication consumption by up to 40%—in short, if hypnosis were a drug, it would be standard of care. quote from the study.

Hypnotherapy For Exam Preparation 

In the test anxiety categories, emotionality, worry, interference, and lack of confidence were evaluated. The effect of clinical hypnosis on test anxiety was observed in this study. The global test anxiety and lack of confidence scores were reduced significantly over time in the group that underwent clinical hypnosis, while not so in the control group. - quote from the study.

Hypnotherapy For Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)

Hypnotherapy has been shown to be effective at relieving global gastrointestinal symptoms (GGS) in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). This study examines the impact of hypnotherapy delivery and participant characteristics on IBS outcomes. - quote from the study.

How to determine a reliable online hypnotherapist

You have a huge choice of hypnotherapists from all over the world to choose from. 

However, Hypnotherapy is currently UNREGULATED in the UK and USA. There is no national or international organization that is solely responsible for hypnotherapy accreditation. In reality, anybody can self-accredit, and they do!

So, how do you navigate through the minefield of hypnotherapists? 

Begin by finding a professional organization that has academic standards.

UK

The British Society of Clinical and Academic Hypnosis

bscah.com

USA

1. Society for Clinical and Experimental Hypnosis www.sceh.us

2. American Society of Clinical Hypnosis www.asch.net

3. American Board of Medical Hypnosis www.abmh.info

What are the technical requirements for online hypnotherapy?

Multiple platforms are available for online hypnotherapy; all are typically free.

   Please ensure that you have the following:

• A high-speed internet connection e.g., cable or DSL broadband.

• A computer with an integrated microphone or a headset with a microphone.

• A webcam for face-to-face therapy sessions and adequate lighting.

• A valid online platform, Zoom, FaceTime, Skype, etc. (or other application) account and the latest software. Keep these apps and your computer updated.

• A location that is private (free from any distractions if possible). This includes pets that do not want to be away from their person. If a pet is not used to being isolated, they may cry. Let friends and family know that you will need this block of time not to be disturbed. Turn off the notifications from your devices.

• A location that is comfortable (sitting or lying position) and still in view of the webcam, phone, or tablet video camera.

• Before a hypnotherapy session, it is always advisable to do a sound and picture test.

Which are the best online hypnotherapy platforms?

I am going to cover four platforms. If you are interested in other formats, I have included additional companies. There are some great tutorials on YouTube, so rather than reinventing the wheel, I have included some of the most popular. They are all free for one-to-one communication and similar in their use. FaceTime, WhatsApp, Zoom, and Facebook Messenger

Additional platforms are GoToMeeting, Google Hangouts, join.me, and ON24.

How do I know if hypnotherapy online will work for me?

To begin with lets reiterate that online hypnosis is just as effective as a traditional office visit, so the question really is: “Can I be hypnotized?” 

I am going to refer you back to one of my blogs: Hypnosis, what we know . What we do know, is that some people are more hypnotically gifted than others. A hypnosis facilitator looks for physiological signs that indicate hypnosis. These signs are not necessarily consciously experienced by the client.

One of these is called an eye roll developed by Dr Spiegel

You can try this out with friends and family, and although it is not a DEFINITIVE test, it is a great indicator. 

1. Hold your head looking straight forward ;
2. While holding your head in that position, look upward toward your eyebrows, now toward the top of your head (UpGaze) ;
3. While continuing to look upward, at the same time, SLOWLY close your eyelids slowly (Roll) ; I say try and close your eyelids over your eyeballs, it is a good image to visualise.
The amount of sclera visible ( White of the eye ) between the lower eyelid and the lower edge of the cornea is the most practical measurement.

Spiegel Eye Roll

 Simply, the more you see of the white of your eye measures your level of hypnotisability. 

If your eyes start to flutter you may be experiencing what is called REM or rapid eye movement

You may also notice a change in body temperature and a tingling sensation in the extremities, neither pronounced.

During hypnotherapy, we skip the first three stages of sleep. A hypnotized person is intensely focused but not worried about what they are doing. They are not worried about evaluating instructions, but are simply following those instructions, and they have a more direct connection between their minds and the physical function of their bodies.

Stage 1 non-REM sleep is the changeover from wakefulness and daytime wakefulness patterns into sleep. 

Stage 2 non-REM sleep is a period of light sleep before you enter deeper sleep. You spend more of your repeated sleep cycles in stage 2 sleep than in other sleep stages.

Stage 3 non-REM sleep is the period of deep sleep that you need to feel refreshed in the morning.  It occurs in longer periods during the first half of the night. Your heartbeat and breathing slow to their lowest levels during sleep. Your muscles are relaxed, and it may be difficult to awaken you. Brain waves become slower yet. 

REM sleep first occurs about 90 minutes after falling asleep. Your eyes move rapidly from side to side behind closed eyelids. Most of your dreaming occurs during REM sleep, although some can also occur in non-REM sleep.

TRY THIS AUDIO TO SEE IF SELF-HYPNOSIS WORKS FOR YOU

Go to www.barryjones.com to book an online appointment. For self-hypnosis audio downloads, go to the STORE

For more information on clinical hypnotherapy, you can go to Tavistock Hypnotherapy